Yenga Dispute: Why Sierra Leone Must Consider International Arbitration

By John Baimba Sesay | Sierra Leone Telegraph | May 6, 2025

The Need for International Arbitration in the Yenga Conflict

While diplomacy has long been Sierra Leone’s preferred approach in reclaiming Yenga from Guinea, recent developments suggest that international arbitration may now be necessary. Border disputes, deeply rooted in historical and political complexities, require peaceful yet decisive resolution to uphold sovereignty and regional stability.

Historical Context of African Border Disputes

Africa has witnessed several territorial conflicts with lasting consequences. The Nigeria-Cameroon dispute over the Bakassi Peninsula, resolved by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in 2002, serves as a key example. Similarly, Ethiopia-Eritrea tensions and the Sudan-South Sudan Abyei conflict highlight the challenges of resolution without international mediation.

The Yenga Crisis: A Lingering Occupation

The Yenga dispute traces back to Sierra Leone’s civil war (1991–2002). Guinea initially deployed troops in 2001 under a mutual security agreement to combat rebel forces. However, post-war, Guinea retained control, raising its flag and maintaining a military presence. The region’s diamond resources are suspected to be a driving factor behind this occupation.

Despite diplomatic agreements in 2005–2013 affirming Sierra Leone’s sovereignty, Guinea has failed to fully withdraw. Recent reports of gunfire by Guinean forces indicate escalating tensions, demanding urgent international intervention.

Why Sovereignty Matters

Yenga is more than land—it symbolizes national sovereignty. The dispute underscores the colonial legacy of poorly defined borders and the necessity for legal resolution. ECOWAS and the African Union must reinforce their mediation roles, ensuring Guinea honors past commitments.

A Call for Action

Sierra Leone and Guinea share cultural and economic ties, but friendship should not compromise territorial integrity. After years of stalled diplomacy, international arbitration is the next logical step. ECOWAS must uphold regional fairness, and Guinea must cease using Yenga as leverage.

For Sierra Leoneans, Yenga represents betrayal—a stark reminder of trust misplaced. The time for decisive action is now.

Source: The Sierra Leone Telegraph